| Less than VMBO-g/t | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2020/21 | 23.6 | 24.4 |
| 2019/20 | 26.5 | 26.8 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 24.4 | 23.3 |
| 2017/18 | 23.6 | 22.8 |
| 2016/17 | 23.3 | 22.6 |
| Vmbo-g/t and havo | ||
| 2020/21 | 43.3 | 44.6 |
| 2019/20 | 44.6 | 45.5 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 44.4 | 45.8 |
| 2017/18 | 44.8 | 46.1 |
| 2016/17 | 45.1 | 46.3 |
| Havo/vwo and later | ||
| 2020/21 | 33.0 | 31.1 |
| 2019/20 | 28.9 | 27.7 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 31.2 | 30.9 |
| 2017/18 | 31.6 | 31.1 |
| 2016/17 | 31.6 | 31.1 |
| 1) In 2019/2020, the first tip was also the final tip, because the final exam was not taken. 2) See the Explanation of the Final Opinions Deviation for 2018/2019. | ||
Final exam and school tips
Primary school pupils in group 8 receive their first school advice to continue education before March 1. Then the students take a final exam, which also gives advice; Test advice. If the test advice is higher than the first school advice, the school should reconsider the first advice and this can be adjusted upwards in consultation with parents. Elementary school is not obligated to do so.
In the 2019/20 school year, the final exam was canceled as a result of the Corona crisis and the first school advice was also the final advice. This resulted in more school advice at lower levels and less advice from high school. Girls in particular received a lower school recommendation because girls often get a test recommendation higher than their first, so school recommendations are often revised upward.
More girls with less tips than vmbo-g/t
The proportion of girls with a school recommendation lower than VMBO-G/T (mixed/theoretical) increased the most in the 2020/21 school year. In 2016/2017, 22.6 percent of girls received this advice, and in 2020/21 this rose to 24.4 percent. The proportion of girls with a VMBO-G/T or HAVO recommendation decreased slightly more, from 46.3% in 2016/2017 to 43.6% in the previous school year, while the proportion of girls with a HAVO/VWO or VWO recommendation with 31.1 changed with difficulty. Compared to 2018/2019 (30.9 percent).
School advice boys a little higher again
Girls got less advice on average in 2019/20, due in part to the discontinuation of final testing, and they have not yet returned to the level of pre-coronavirus advice in 2020/21. This was the case for the boys. They also had less advice in 2019/20, but they received school advice in the 2020/2021 school year which was slightly above the level it was before the Corona pandemic. The share of school counseling at the lower VMBO-G/T level decreased compared to 2018/2019, as did the share of counseling at the VMBO-G/T and HAVO level. The proportion of boys who had HAVO/VWO or VWO-level counseling increased from 31.2 percent to 33.0 percent.
Increasing gender differences in school counseling
Gender differences in school counseling have increased over the past two school years. This is partly because the group with a HAVO/VWO or VWO recommendation increased faster among boys than girls. Indeed, the proportion of girls who received specific educational advice prior to university has decreased (from 20.0% in 2018/2019 to 19.5% in 2020/21). In addition, there are some notable developments. For example, in the 2016/2017 to 2018/2019 period, girls were less likely to receive school counseling with a lower level of VMBO-G/T than boys, and this difference increased year by year. Since 2019/20 there has been a shift; The proportion of girls who received such advice for the first time was slightly higher than among boys. This difference increased even more in the last school year.
As of 2018/19, there were slightly more boys than girls with a HAVO/VWO or VWO recommendation, but the differences were relatively small. In 2019/20 and 2020/21, this difference widened not in favor of girls.
Test girls tips are also top in 2020/2021
The proportion of girls who scored higher than the first school recommendation in their final test is higher than among boys. This applies to every level of school first tips. This trend has not changed since 2016/2017. In 2020/21, for example, 56 percent of girls and 54 percent of boys with an initial school recommendation lower than a VMBO-G/T had a higher test recommendation. The difference was slightly larger for boys and girls with a pre-vocational secondary education or havo recommendation.
This means that girls are more likely than boys to modify school advice incrementally. The primary school is obliged to consider this, in consultation with the parents and the pupil.
| Less than VMBO-g/t | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2020/21 | 53.9 | 56.1 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 61.2 | 63.2 |
| 2017/18 | 39.9 | 40.9 |
| 2016/17 | 36.1 | 38.9 |
| Vmbo-g/t and havo | ||
| 2020/21 | 41.5 | 44.0 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 45.9 | 49.3 |
| 2017/18 | 43.0 | 45.0 |
| 2016/17 | 42.9 | 46.2 |
| Havo/vwo and later³⁾ | ||
| 2020/21 | 10.2 | 11.7 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 8.6 | 10.8 |
| 2017/18 | 9.1 | 10.0 |
| 2016/17 | 9.5 | 10.9 |
| 1) Due to the Corona pandemic, a final exam was not conducted in 2019/20. 2) See Explanation of Deviant Advice in 2018/’19 3) Pupils with a first VWO score cannot, by definition, obtain higher test advice | ||
A higher score on a test does not always result in modified advice
Compared to their first tip, girls often score higher on the final test than boys. Then, on average at levels, they receive more upward-adjusted advice than boys. Among girls with a first school recommendation lower than a VMBO-G/T and a test recommendation higher than the first, 26.5 percent received an upward adjustment of the recommendation. This is 24.6 percent for boys. With the first recommendation at the VMBO-G/T and HAVO level, the differences between boys and girls are smaller, at 25.9 percent and 27.3 percent, respectively.
The situation is different for group 8 students with an initial recommendation for HAVO/VWO and a test recommendation for VWO. In 2016/2017 and especially in 2018/2019, boys in this situation were more likely than girls to adjust their advice incrementally. In 2017/2018 and 2020/21 there was little or no difference.
| Less than VMBO-g/t | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2020/21 | 24.6 | 26.5 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 22.3 | 24.7 |
| 2017/18 | 24.6 | 26.7 |
| 2016/17 | 26.3 | 28.6 |
| Vmbo-g/t and havo | ||
| 2020/21 | 25.9 | 27.3 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 21.9 | 22.7 |
| 2017/18 | 21.4 | 22.7 |
| 2016/17 | 21.4 | 21.4 |
| Havo/vwo and later³⁾ | ||
| 2020/21 | 29.5 | 29.5 |
| 2018/19 ²⁾ | 28.4 | 25.1 |
| 2017/18 | 22.8 | 23.0 |
| 2016/17 | 22.7 | 21.6 |
| 1) Due to the Corona pandemic, a final exam was not conducted in 2019/20. 2) See Explanation of Deviant Advice in 2018/’19 3) Pupils with a first VWO score cannot, by definition, obtain higher test advice | ||
Explanation of the perverted advice in 2018/2019:
In the 2018/2019 academic year, it was found that about 11 percent of students received incorrect and in most cases very high test advice as a result of an error in translating a student’s final exam score into test advice for the final exam best suited to their first year type (General Administrative Service BZK, 2019).